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Author's
Guide
Manuscripts must be sent
as e-mail attachment to
pjbm@palgojournals.org.
PJBM editorial board makes an objective and quick decision on each
manuscript and informs the corresponding author within three weeks
of submission. If accepted, the article is published online within
days.
Submit manuscripts as e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at:
pjbm@palgojournals.org.
A manuscript number will be mailed to the corresponding author same
day or within 48 hours.
The cover letter should include the corresponding author's full
address and telephone/fax numbers and should be in an e-mail message
sent to the Editor, with the file, whose name should begin with the
first author's surname, as an attachment.
Article Types
Three types of manuscripts may be submitted:
Regular articles: These should describe new and carefully
confirmed findings, and experimental procedures should be given in
sufficient detail for others to verify the work. The length of a
full paper should be the minimum required to describe and interpret
the work clearly.
Short Communications: A Short Communication is suitable for
recording the results of complete small investigations or giving
details of new models or hypotheses, innovative methods, techniques
or apparatus. The style of main sections need not conform to that of
full-length papers. Short communications are 2 to 4 printed pages
(about 6 to 12 manuscript pages) in length.
Review: Submissions of reviews and perspectives covering
topics of current interest are welcome and encouraged. Reviews
should be concise and no longer than 4-6 printed pages (about 12 to
18 manuscript pages). Reviews are also peer-reviewed.
Review Process
All manuscripts are reviewed by an editor and members of the
Editorial Board or qualified outside reviewers. Decisions will be
made as rapidly as possible, and the journal strives to return
reviewers’ comments to authors within 3 weeks. The editorial board
will re-review manuscripts that are accepted pending revision. It is
the goal of the PJBM to publish manuscripts within 6 weeks after
submission.
Regular articles
All portions of the manuscript must be typed double-spaced and all
pages numbered starting from the title page.
The Title should be a brief phrase describing the contents of the
paper. The Title Page should include the authors' full names and
affiliations, the name of the corresponding author along with phone,
fax and E-mail information. Present addresses of authors should
appear as a footnote.
The Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory,
briefly present the topic, state the scope of the experiments,
indicate significant data, and point out major findings and
conclusions. The Abstract should be 100 to 200 words in length..
Complete sentences, active verbs, and the third person should be
used, and the abstract should be written in the past tense. Standard
nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No
literature should be cited.
Following the abstract, about 3 to 10 key words that will provide
indexing reference should be listed.
A list of non-standard Abbreviations should be added. In general,
non-standard abbreviations should be used only when the full term is
very long and used often. Each abbreviation should be spelled out
and introduced in parentheses the first time it is used in the text.
Only recommended SI units should be used.
The Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem,
the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or
solution. It should be understandable to colleagues from a broad
range of scientific disciplines.
Materials and methods should be complete enough to allow experiments
to be reproduced. However, only truly new procedures should be
described in detail; previously published procedures should be
cited, and important modifications of published procedures should be
mentioned briefly. Capitalize trade names and include the
manufacturer's name and address. Subheadings should be used. Methods
in general use need not be described in detail.
Results should be presented with clarity and precision. The results
should be written in the past tense when describing findings in the
authors' experiments. Previously published findings should be
written in the present tense. Results should be explained, but
largely without referring to the literature. Discussion, speculation
and detailed interpretation of data should not be included in the
Results but should be put into the Discussion section.
The Discussion should interpret the findings in view of the results
obtained in this and in past studies on this topic. State the
conclusions in a few sentences at the end of the paper. The Results
and Discussion sections can include subheadings, and when
appropriate, both sections can be combined.
The Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc should be brief.
Tables should be kept to a minimum and be designed to be as simple
as possible. Tables are to be typed double-spaced throughout,
including headings and footnotes. Each table should be on a separate
page, it should be placed in numerical order with a
heading and a legend. Tables should be self-explanatory without
reference to the text. The details of the methods used in the
experiments should preferably be described in the legend instead of
in the text. The same data should not be presented in both table and
graph form or repeated in the text.
Figure legends should be typed in numerical order on a separate
sheet. Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of
generating high resolution GIF, TIFF, JPEG or Powerpoint before
pasting in the Microsoft Word manuscript file. Tables should be
prepared in Microsoft Word. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures
and upper case letters for their parts (Fig 1). Begin each legend
with a title and include sufficient description so that the figure
is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript.
Information given in legends should not be repeated in the text.
References: In the text, a reference identified by means of an
author‘s name should be followed by the date of the reference in
parentheses. When there are more than two authors, only the first
author‘s name should be mentioned, followed by ’et al‘. In the event
that an author cited has had two or more works published during the
same year, the reference, both in the text and in the reference
list, should be identified by a lower case letter like ’a‘ and ’b‘
after the date to distinguish the works.
References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical
order. Journal names are abbreviated according to Chemical
Abstracts. Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy of the
references.
Examples:
Abamu JU (2005). Problems and prospects of Agricultural extension
service in developing countries in: Adedoyin. F.O (Ed); Agricultural
Extension in Nigeria; published by the agricultural extension
society of Nigeria (AESON); pp 159-169.
Anaeto CF (2005). Need to strengthen supervision in Agricultural
Extension service in Nigeria. J. Pure and Appl. Sci., 5(1): 1-7.
Stohlgren T, Binkley D, Chong G, Kalkhan M, Schell L, Bull K, Otsuki
Y, Newman G , Bashkin M ,. Son Y (1999). Exotic plant species invade
hot spots of native plant diversity. Ecological Monographs, 69:
25-49.
Peplow D (1999). Environmental Impacts of Mining in Eastern
Washington, Center For Water And Watershed Studies Fact Sheet,
University of Washington, Seattle.
Short Communications
Short Communications are limited to a maximum of two figures and one
table. They should present a complete study that is more limited in
scope than is found in full-length papers. The items of manuscript
preparation listed above apply to Short Communications with the
following differences:
(1) Abstracts are limited to 100 words;
(2) Instead of a separate Materials and Methods section,
experimental procedures may be incorporated into Figure Legends and
Table footnotes;
(3) Results and Discussion should be combined into a single section.
Fees and Charges: Authors are charged a $320 handling fee.
Authors may still request (in advance) that the editorial office
waive some of the handling fee under special circumstances. |
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