Theileriosis remains a major constraint to cattle productivity and food security in Zimbabwe despite sustained control

efforts by the Department of Veterinary Services (DVS). This study examined the determinants of farmer resistance to

DVS-led theileriosis control interventions in Midlands Province during the implementation period of National Development

Strategy 1 (2021–2025). A cross-sectional analytical survey was conducted among 390 cattle-owning households in Gweru, Kwekwe and Mvuma districts using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic

regression analysis were employed to identify factors associated with resistance to veterinary interventions. The results indicate that institutional mistrust, perceived acaricide shortages, limited communication with veterinary authorities and

previous cattle losses significantly increased the likelihood of farmer resistance, while participation in animal health

awareness programs reduced resistance. These findings suggest that resistance is driven primarily by institutional and

service delivery constraints rather than farmer unwillingness to control disease. Strengthening trust-based veterinary governance, improving input supply reliability and adopting participatory communication approaches are therefore

essential for enhancing compliance, improving theileriosis control outcomes and supporting livestock-driven food security

under National Development Strategy 2 (2026–2030).

Keywords: Theileriosis; farmer resistance; veterinary services; livestock governance; food security; Zimbabwe